His experiment with radio waves solved two problems. The unit of frequency of a radio wave - one cycle per second - is named the hertz, in honor of Heinrich Hertz. Heinrich Hertz, a German physicist, applied Maxwell's theories to the production and reception of radio waves. He summarized this relationship between electricity and magnetism into what are now referred to as "Maxwell's Equations." He noticed that electrical fields and magnetic fields can couple together to form electromagnetic waves. In the 1860's and 1870's, a Scottish scientist named James Clerk Maxwell developed a scientific theory to explain electromagnetic waves. This means that electromagnetic waves can travel not only through air and solid materials, but also through the vacuum of space. Electromagnetic waves differ from mechanical waves in that they do not require a medium to propagate. These changing fields form electromagnetic waves. A changing magnetic field will induce a changing electric field and vice-versa-the two are linked. ![]() Magnetism can also be static, as it is in a refrigerator magnet. Credit: Ginger Butcher ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVESĮlectricity can be static, like the energy that can make your hair stand on end. The basics terms to understand waves are amplitude, wavelength, frequency, and speed.When a balloon is rubbed against a head of hair, astatic electric charge is created causing their individual hairs to repel one another. Learn about the Types and uses of sound waves in detail here. When the disturbance in the air reaches our ears, we hear the sound of the drum. These compression and rarefaction travel through the air as longitudinal waves. When the drum head moves to the right, the particles of the air on the right move farther apart, create a rarefaction. When the drum head moves to the left, it compresses the particles of air and creates a compression. When a drummer beats a drum, the surface of the drum vibrates and creates a disturbance in the air beside it. Learn about the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves in detail here Sound Waves are Longitudinal WavesĪ sound wave traveling through air is an example of a longitudinal wave. These waves reach our ears and affect the eardrum. Sound from a vibrating body produces longitudinal waves in the air. The part of a longitudinal wave, where particles of the medium are spread out, are called rarefactions. As the wave moves, compressions and rarefactions are produced due to the back and forth motion of particles of the medium. The part of a longitudinal wave, where particles of the medium are compressed together, are called compressions. If we pull and push one end of the slinky spring continuously, we can produce a longitudinal wave. Longitudinal wavesĪ wave in which particles of a medium move back and forth, parallel to the direction of the wave is called a longitudinal wave. The highest point of a transverse wave is called the crest, and the lowest point between two crests is called Trough. Observes transverse waves produced by the up and down movement of a rope. Waves that are produced in water are transverse waves. ![]() Transverse WavesĪ wave in which particles of the medium move perpendicularly to the direction of the wave is called a transverse wave. There are two types of waves,i.e., transverse waves and longitudinal waves. There are two kinds of progressive waves – transverse waves and longitudinal waves Types of Progressive Waves A wave that transfers energy by moving away from the source of disturbance is called a progressive or traveling wave. The ripples are examples of progressive waves because they carry energy across the water structure. Ripples will be produced and spread out across the water. Difference between mechanical and matter wavesĭifference between transverse and longitudinal wavesĭifference between electromagnetic waves and matter wavesĭrop a particle in water.
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